A Review of Natural Convection

Graham de Vahl Davis was born in Sydney in 1931. After completing a BE at the University of Sydney in 1951, he undertook a PhD at the University of Cambridge. From 1956 he spent four years as a Research Officer with the AAEC, initially at Harwell, England, then at Lucas Heights.


In 1960 de Vahl Davis joined the UNSW School of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering. He was initially responsible for the School’s Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Laboratory and later led the Heat Transfer Research Group within the Department of Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics. During his time with the School he also held a number of international visiting appointments at institutions such as New York, Brown and Stanford universities in the USA, Israel’s Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Technion Institute of Technology, and London’s Imperial College. He spent most of his research career on natural convection and, for several years, on solidification in microgravity.

On 1 January 1981, de Vahl Davis assumed the headship of the School and continued his work to build the School’s capacity for computational fluid dynamics and heat-transfer research. In 1983 he published his seminal paper “Natural convection of air in a square cavity: A benchmark numerical solution” which is still one of the most frequently cited papers in that field.

He became Professor in 1991, retired in 1994 and became Emeritus Professor. He is a Member of the Order of Australia and Fellow of the Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering as well as several professional societies.

From Megawatt to Gigawatt: New Developments in Concentrating Solar Thermal Power

Prof. Müller-Steinhagen is the director of the Institute of Technical Thermodynamics of the German Aerospace Centre and the director of the Institute for Thermodynamics and Thermal Engineering of the University of Stuttgart. His research work coverers a wide range of topics related to heat and mass transfer, multi-phase flow, fuel cells, solar technology and process thermodynamics. Prof. Müller-Steinhagen is the author of more than 550 books and articles, and was awarded the 1992 and 1993 TMS Bauxite Processing Awards, the 1994 Light Metals Award, the Beilby Medal and Prize, the UK Heat Transfer Society Mike Akrill Trophy, the Best Paper 2000 in the Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering and the 2009 D.Q Kern Award of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers. He is a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering, President of EUROTHERM and of the IMDEA Board of Trustees, member of the Executive Boards of EUREC and ICHMT, and a member of the Innovation and Sustainability Councils of the State of Baden-Württemberg.

After completing his Ph.D. degree, Professor Catton worked as a supervisor at Douglas Aircraft from 1966 to 1967 where he led many of the efforts to make the Saturn second stage work. In 1967, he returned to UCLA as an Assistant Professor. At the outset, he chose to be involved in environmental research and teaching to try and do something useful. This led to courses in atmospheric dispersion and research into the use of solar energy. This line of research changed dramatically when the oil boycott occurred in 1973. Fortunately David Okrent (an eminent nuclear safety researcher) appeared on the scene and he shifted his interests to the application of transport phenomena (heat, mass and momentum) to nuclear power plant safety and design issues.

Research in support of safety of nuclear power installations lasted until the mid-eighties and resulted in a number of interesting applications of his expertise. He was part of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Code Development Review Committee that led to two fluid modeling being the basis for the large NRC computer codes now in use. He and his students were the first to obtain predictions of fluid elastic instability in nuclear power plant steam generators without resorting to empirical correlations. Early predictions of dryout of a damaged nuclear reactor core were made by Professors Catton and Dhir.

Recognition of his work in transport phenomena associated with reactor safety led to his being appointed to the top advisory committee in the field, the Advisory Committee on Reactor Safety (ACRS). The ACRS is the only congressionally mandated safety oversite committee of its type. This led to his moving away from the basic heat transfer discipline as he became involved in more system type problems and the role of phenomenological processes in risk evaluation. As a member of the ACRS he was chair of the Thermal Hydraulics Subcommittee and the Fire Safety Subcommittee. As the research opportunities in the nuclear field wound down, he again became involved with aerospace issues. Here he began a research effort into leading edge cooling problems such as were faced by the National Aerospace Plane (NASP). There were studies of the use of a large jet to steer the NASP and even some star wars research on how to deal with the impact of laser weapons on cooling systems for space power systems. For a brief time Professor Catton was involved in the development of non-intrusive flight instrumentation. Here he ventured into the area of information processing using neural nets.

In 1985, he began his work on Volume Averaging Theory (VAT) as a basis for dealing with transport in heterogeneous hierarchical media. This work culminated in a lengthy paper in Advances in Heat Transfer in 2001. This work has continued and now forms the basis for optimization of heat sinks and heat exchangers.

During Professor Catton’s forty year career at the University of California (1967-2010), he graduated close to 40 PhD students, 8 of whom are teaching. Along the way, he became a Fellow of both ASME and ANS, received an ASME best paper award, served as an associate editor of the Journal of Heat transfer and received the Heat Transfer Memorial Award, published 176 in archival journals and 235 full papers published in proceedings of conferences and symposia.

Control of Turbulent Transport: Less Friction and More Heat Transfer

Nobuhide Kasagi received BS (1971), MS (1973) and Ph.D. degree (1976) in mechanical engineering from the University of Tokyo. Since 1976, he has been a faculty member in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Tokyo with a sabbatical leave at Stanford University (1980-81). He is currently serving as Professor of Thermal and Fluids Engineering, and also Member of the Science Council of Japan and Principal Fellow of the Japan Science and Technology Agency, both of which are advisory bodies for the science and technology policy of Japan.

He served as President of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, the Japan Society of Fluid Mechanics and the Japan Society of Computational Fluid Dynamics. He is and has been involved in various international activities as Executive Member of the International Centre of Heat and Mass Transfer, President of the World Assembly of Experimental Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Organizer of the International Symposium on Turbulence and Shear Flow Phenomena, and Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow. He is Fellow of Royal Academy of Engineering, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, ASME, JSME and JSFM.

His current research interest lies in advanced thermal and fluids science and technology such as turbulence control, small-scale energy systems with gas turbines and solid oxide fuel cells, micro flow systems, and computational fluid dynamics and heat transfer.

Heat and Mass Transfer Issues in The Design of Solid State Hydrogen Storage Devices

In the past four decades, Prof.Srinivasa Murthy has extensively worked on Heat and Mass Transfer related problems in various applications such as Refrigeration (Absorption Systems / New Working Fluids); Energy Conservation & Heat Recovery (Heat Pumps / Heat Transformers); Solar Thermal Energy Utilisation and Solid State Hydrogen Storage (Heat & Mass Transfer & Thermodynamics). He has published over 300 research papers including about 150 in refereed International Journals. In these areas, he has supervised 28 Doctoral and over 100 Masters theses.

Prof. Srinivasa Murthy is a Member of Scientific Council of International Center for Heat and Mass Transfer; Country Delegate to the Assembly for International Heat Transfer Conferences and also to the International Institute of Refrigeration. He is the Regional Editor: of Applied Thermal Engineering (Elsevier) and is in the Editorial Boards of several International Journals. He is the President of the Indian Society for Heat and Mass Transfer, and Vice President of Solar Energy Society of India. He is a Fellow of Six professional Academies and Societies, including ASME.

Computational Heat Transfer in Complex Systems

Jayathi Murthy is Robert V. Adams Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Purdue University and Director of PRISM: NNSA Center for Prediction of Reliability, Integrity and Survivability of Microsystems. She received her Ph.D degree from the University of Minnesota in the area of numerical heat transfer and has worked in both academia and in industry. During her employment at Fluent Inc., a leading vendor of CFD software, she developed the unstructured solution-adaptive finite volume methods underlying their flagship software Fluent, and the electronics cooling software package ICEPAK. More recently, her research has addressed sub-micron thermal transport, and the development of numerical techniques for concurrent electro-thermal simulation in emerging electronic devices. She is the recipient of the IBM Faculty Partnership award 2003-2005, the 2004 Journal of Electronics Packaging Best Paper award, the 2007 ASABE Best Paper Award and the 2008 ASME HTD Best Paper Award. Prof. Murthy serves on the editorial board of Numerical Heat Transfer, is an editor of the 2nd edition of the Handbook of Numerical Heat Transfer, and serves as Associate Editor of the ASME Journal of Heat Transfer. She has served on numerous national committees and panels on electronics thermal management and CFD, and is the author of over 200 technical publications.

CVD Growth and Thermal Characterization of Carbon Nanotubes

Dr. Shigeo Maruyama is a professor and Chairman of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering at The University of Tokyo. He received his Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from The University of Tokyo in 1988 and worked as a research associate at the same department. While he is research associate of the University of Tokyo, he joined Professor Richard E. Smalley (Nobelaureate in Chemistry (1996) group at Rice University as visiting fellow for about 2 years during 1989 through 1991. During this period, he changed his research field from turbulent heat transfer to chemical physics of clusters, fullerenes, and carbon nanotubes. After returning to The University of Tokyo, he worked as Lecturer for a year, then associate professor from 1993 and then from 2004 as a full professor. During this period he was appointed at Engineering Research Institute in School of Engineering for 3 years. He has explored a new field of "molecular and nano-scale thermal engineering" in the field of mechanical engineering. After his discovery of new CVD generation technique of single-walled carbon nanotubes from alcohol in 2002, he concentrated on the studies of generation mechanism of single-walled carbon nanotubes through CVD generation, molecular dynamics simulations, optical spectroscopy, application for electrical and energy devices. He is a Fellow of Japan Society of Mechanical Engineering. He is an editor of "Nanoscale and Microscale Thermophysical Engineering," an associate editor of "International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer," an associate editor of “International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer,” an editorial board member of "Nano," and an advisory Board member of “International Journal of Thermal Sciences.” He is assigned as program officer of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) from 2009.

The Flow and Heat Transfer in a Packed Bed High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor: A Systems CFD Approach

Prof du Toit is professor of Mechanical Engineering at the North-West University. He has published more than 60 papers in international and national journals and conference proceedings and was the co-editor of the proceedings of two conferences.

He is a registered professional engineer with practical experience in the fields of civil, mechanical, chemical and metallurgical engineering and focuses on computational fluid dynamics modelling. He is a partner of a commercial engineering software development and consulting firm. In this capacity he is member of the Flownex systems CFD simulation software development team, which has sold licenses in the USA, Europe, Japan and Africa.

He has also been a senior technical consultant for the Pebble Bed Modular Reactor (PBMR) project since 1999 and serves on the editorial board of the national “R&D Journal” and the international journal “Computational Thermal Sciences”. He is a past-president of the executive committee of the South African Association for Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, a member of the General Assembly of the International Union for Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, a member of the Assembly for International Heat Transfer.

His current interests are the development of advanced thermal-fluid simulation models for the PBMR nuclear reactor, the application of a new global approach to the finite element method and the development of a multilevel solution strategy within the systems CFD framework.

Whole-body Human Thermal Modeling, an Alternative to Immersion in Cold Water and Other Unpleasant Endeavors

Dr. Eugene H. Wissler became interested in human thermal physiology while stationed at the Army Medical Research Laboratory at Fort Knox. His first assignment involved analyzing various aspects of finger cooling, which led to his developing the first multi-element human thermal model. Although generating numerical results for that rather crude model required hours of hand calculation, it laid the groundwork for more realistic models that followed, including several developed by Dr. Wissler.

Whole-body human thermal models are used to predict responses to life-threatening conditions, such as accidental immersion in cold water, and to predict levels of comfort under various conditions. Clothing properties are often evaluated using heated manikins and models allow one to predict human responses during exercise under specified environmental conditions. Dr. Wissler’s recent research has focused on understanding aspects of thermal physiology relevant to temperature control in the human.

B. S. in Chemical Engineering, Iowa State College, 1950
Ph. D. in Chemical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1955
Enlisted man, U. S. Army Medical Research Laboratory, Fort Knox, Ky., 1955-1957
Chairman, Department of Chemical Engineering, UT – Austin, 1968-1970
Associate Dean of Engineering, UT – Austin, 1970-1974
Associate Dean of Graduate Studies, UT – Austin, 1980-1992
Retired as Professor Emeritus, 1994

Ahmad A. Pesaran
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Golden, Colorado

Ahmad Pesaran holds a Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from University of California, Los Angeles. He has worked at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory since 1983 on various energy efficiency technologies in building, advanced air conditioning, and automotive batteries. Dr. Pesaran started working on thermal management of batteries and ultracapacitors for hybrid electric and plug-in electric vehicles since 1995 collaborating with car and battery manufacturers on as part of the US Department of Energy’s Vehicle Technologies Programs. He currently leads several projects for Department of Energy and industrial partners, which include thermal characterization and analysis of batteries, electrochemical-thermal modeling and simulation of batteries and ultracapacitors for use in hybrid and plug-in vehicles. He is an active member of the FreedomCAR Electrochemical Energy Storage Technical Team and is a member of Society of Automotive Engineers and American Society of Mechanical Engineers. He has presented and chaired many sessions at the ASME-sponsored conferences.

Abstract
Batteries are considered to be a critical component for making future transportation more energy efficient and less dependent on petroleum through hybrid, plug-in hybrid, electric, and fuel cell vehicles. In this paper, the current status of batteries for electric drive vehicle applications will be discussed. Special attention will be given to the thermal issues associated with batteries in vehicle environment. We will also discuss future needs of batteries for further development.

Large-Scale Hydrogen Production from Nuclear Energy using High Temperature Electrolysis

Dr. James O’Brien received his Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Minnesota in 1981 with a specialty in Heat Transfer. He served as a member of the ME faculty at Penn State from 1981 – 1985 and as a research engineer at NASA Lewis (now Glenn) Research Center from 1985 – 1990. He joined the Idaho National Laboratory in 1990. At INL, he has performed research on boiling heat transfer, heat transfer enhancement, energy conversion, and other energy-related research topics. For the past several years, his research has focused on high-temperature electrolysis for hydrogen and syngas production. He is the author or co-author of more than 30 journal articles and 90 conference papers on a variety of topics in thermal sciences.

Manipulation of a Thermal Emission by Use of Micro- and Nanoscale Structures

Erez Hasman is the Head of Micro and Nanooptics Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Inst. of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel. He received the B.Sc. degree (in physics) in 1981 from the Tel Aviv University, the M.Sc. degree in 1985 from the Technion, Haifa, and the Ph.D. in 1992 from Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel. From 1981 to 1986, he was a senior scientist in Rafael company. From 1992 to 1998, he was in the optics industry as the chief physicist of graphic and recognition products line, in Optrotech company, and later as the technology analysis manager and head of physics group in Elop company in Israel. Presently, he is an associate Professor of optical sciences and head of Micro and Nanooptics Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Inst. of Technology, Haifa, Israel. Prof. Erez Hasman has a wide experience in physical optics and specifically in nanoscale – optics. His group has made significant contributions in the field of nano-photonics and radiative heat transfer from nanostructures, and specifically for developing a new branch in optics – spinoptics: The symmetry breaking in nanostructures due to spin-orbit interaction, potentially opens a new avenue for controlling light in nanometer-scale optical devices. His nanooptics laboratory is involved in research of nanoscale structures, surface plasmon polaritons, near-field manipulation, and thermal radiation from nanoscale-structures. (see also: www.technion.ac.il/optics)

Research Challenges in Heat Transfer to Foods

Peter Fryer studied Chemical Engineering at Cambridge at undergraduate and PhD level and was then appointed to a lectureship there. He left Cambridge in 1994 to move to Birmingham, where he has built up a large group studying how to apply engineering principles to foods. He is currently Head of School and Director of the EPSRC Centre for Formulation Engineering. His research interests are into heat transfer to foods, including chocolate, ice cream and beer, especially in how to produce safe foods and deliver taste and nutritional value.

Bruno Michel received a Ph.D. degree in bio-chemistry/biophysics from the University of Zurich, Switzerland in 1988 and subsequently joined the IBM Zurich Research Laboratory to work on scanning probe microscopy and its applications to molecules and thin organic films. He then introduced micro¬contact printing and led an international industry project for the development of accurate large-area soft lithography for the fabrication of LCD displays. Dr. Michel started the Advanced Thermal Packaging group in Zurich in 2003 in response to the needs of the industry for improved thermal interfaces and better miniatur¬ized convective cooling. Main current research topics of the Zurich group are microtechnology / microfluidics for nature inspired miniaturized tree-like hierarchical supply networks, hybrid liquid / air coolers, 3D packaging, and thermophysics to understand heat transfer in nanomaterials and structures. With the high-performance coolers he contributes to improved datacenter efficiency and energy re-use in future green datacenters.

Chip microscale liquid-cooling reduces conductive and convective resistance thereby improving the efficiency of datacenters by allowing coolant temperatures above the free cooling limit in all climates. This eliminates the need for chillers and allows the thermal energy to be re-used in cold climates. Replacing the combustion processes for secondary users with recycled heat from the datacenter effectively eliminates carbon dioxide emission during the winter season and reduces operating cost throughout the year. The energy balance of emission-reduced datacenters is compared with a classical air cooled datacenter, a datacenter with free cooling in a cold climate zone, and a datacenter with chiller-mediated energy re-use. Hot water cooled datacenters reduce the effective energy cost by almost a factor of two compared to a current datacenter and reduce the carbon footprint by an even larger factor. Our energy re-use concept has been demonstrated in terms of cost and energy savings in a 60 ºC liquid cooled supercomputer. Additional alternative energy re-use schemes in hot climates for desalination and adsorption cooling allow close to full use of datacenter heat in all climates and all seasons. Output temperatures for these applications compared to space heating need to be 10-20 ºC higher which becomes possible through hotspot adapted cooling that eliminates mixing of fluids with different temperatures. In addition, interlayer cooled chip stacks allow double sided hotspot optimized cooling even closer to the heat source with low flow rates and low pumping power. That improves the large efficiency gain that becomes possible through 3D chip stacking.

Heat Transfer in Advanced Nuclear Power Systems: Issues and Challenges

Michael L. Corradini is Chair of Engineering Physics and Wisconsin Distinguished Professor of Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He also holds appointments in the Department of Mechanical Engineering and the Institute of Environmental Studies. Previously, at Sandia National Laboratories he was principal investigator for LWR vapor explosion research and for the USNRC as well as other severe accident research. He was elected a 1990 Fellow of the American Nuclear Society. In 1998, he was elected to the National Academy of Engineering. He has also served as a presidential appointee in 2002 and 2003 as the chair of the Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board (a separate government agency). In 2004, he was appointed as a board member on the INPO National Accreditation Board for Nuclear Training and the National Council on Radiation Protection. Most recently, he was appointed to the scientific advisory board of the French Civilian Atomic Energy Agency. In 2006, he was appointed to the USNRC Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards. Most recently, he began the Energy Institute at the University of Wisconsin. The Energy Institute is a University-wide center connecting faculty and staff with research, education and outreach opportunities to aid the state and nation.

Reduced Order Thermal Models of Multi-Scale Microsystems

Yogendra Joshi is Professor and John M. McKenney and Warren D. Shiver Distinguished Chair at the G.W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, GA. His research interests are in multi-scale thermal management. He received a Bachelor of Technology degree in Mechanical Engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology in Kanpur in 1979, Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering from the State University of New York, Buffalo in 1981, and a Doctor of Philosophy in Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, from the University of Pennsylvania in 1984. He is the author or co-author of over 200 archival journal and conference publications, and is an elected Fellow of the ASME and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He has served as Associate Editor for the ASME J. of Electronics Packaging (two terms) and the ASME J. Heat Transfer, and is currently an Associate Editor for the IEEE Transactions in Components and Packaging Technologies and as Guest Editor for the ASME J. Heat Transfer. He was a co-recipient of ASME Curriculum Innovation Award (1999), Inventor Recognition Award from the Semiconductor Research Corporation (2001), the ASME Electronic and Photonic Packaging Division Outstanding Contribution Award in Thermal Management (2006), ASME J. of Electronics Packaging Best Paper of the Year Award (2008), IBM Faculty Award (2008), and IEEE Semitherm Significant Contributor Award (2009). His research team won the Intel Data Center Efficiency Challenge Competition in the Enterprise Category in 2009.

Eddie Leonardi Memorial Lecture “Natural convection: from Earth to Space”

Dr. Victoria Timchenko received her Honours Degree in Physics from Kharkov State University, Ukraine in 1983 and her Ph.D. in Engineering from the Institute for Problems in Machinery, The Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, in 1993. In 1994 she started to work in the University of NSW, Sydney, Australia as a Researcher. Currently she is a Senior Lecturer in the School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, UNSW, Australia. Her research interests include natural convection, solidification and melting processes under earth gravity and microgravity conditions, MEMS synthetic jet actuators for the cooling of integrated circuits, enhancement of heat transfer in dimpled/protruded surface heat exchangers.

She will present a lecture dedicated to the memory of Prof. Eddie Leonardi, formerly International Heat Transfer Conference (IHTC-13) Secretary, who tragically died in early age on December 14, 2008. Eddie Leonardi had a large span of research interests, he has worked in both computational fluid dynamics/heat transfer and refrigeration and air-conditioning for over 25 years. However starting from his PhD ‘A numerical Study of the effects of fluid properties on Natural Convection’ obtained in 1984, one of his main passions was natural convection and therefore the focus of this lecture will be on what Eddie Leonardi has achieved in numerical and experimental investigations of laminar natural convective flows.

Multiscale Simulations of Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Problems

TAO Wen-Quan is a Professor of Xi’an Jiaotong University. He received his undergraduate diploma in 1962 and the graduate diploma in 1966 from Xi’an Jiaotong University. He is now the the Associate Editor of ASME Journal of Heat Transfer, International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer and International Communication in Heat Mass Transfer. His research interests include: Advanced computational methods and their applications, Multiscale simulations of heat transfer and fluid flow problems, enhancement of heat transfer: theory and applications, Heat transfer and fluid flow in mini and micro channels.

History, Advances, and Challenges in Liquid Flow and Flow Boiling Heat Transfer in Microchannels: A Critical Review

Satish Kandlikar is the Gleason Professor of Mechanical Engineering at RIT. He received his Ph.D. degree from the Indian Institute of Technology in Bombay in 1975 and has been a faculty there before coming to RIT in 1980. He has worked extensively in the area of flow boiling heat transfer and CHF phenomena at microscale, single-phase flow in microchannels, high heat flux chip cooling, and water management in PEM fuel cells. He has published over 200 journal and conference papers. He is a Fellow member of ASME and Associate Editor of a number of journals including ASME Journal of Heat Transfer. He is Executive Editor of Heat Exchanger Design Handbook published by Begell House. He has received the RIT’s Eisenhart Outstanding Teaching Award in 1997 and Trustees Outstanding Scholarship Award in 2006. He has received the 2008 Rochester Engineer of the Year award from Rochester Engineering Society. Currently he is working on DOE and GM sponsored projects on Fuel Cell water management under freezing conditions, and an NSF sponsored project on roughness effect on fluid flow and heat transfer at microscale.

Upscaling Methodology for Radiative Transfer in Porous Media; New Trends

Jean Taine
Professor
Ecole Centrale Paris

Issued from the Department of Physics of École Normale Supérieure de Cachan, Graduate from Université Paris VI, Docteur es Sciences in Chemical Physics from Université ParisSud, Professor of École Centrale Paris (Statistical Physics, Heat transfer). Previously Deputy Scientific Director, in Charge of Mech. Eng. and Energy at the Ministry of Research of France; Chair of the International Scientific Committee of IHTC12 (Grenoble 2002). Editor of International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. Author of a textbook on Heat Transfer (4th edition) and Energy. Research fields have been: molecular relaxation of CO2 for atmospheric applications, models of gas radiation at high temperature for heat transfer, coupled gas radiation and turbulence; and now, coupled turbulent combustion and radiation, radiation of porous media.

Abstract

The X and gamma ray tomography techniques lead today to an accurate knowledge of the morphology of most of the porous media. From this knowledge, the radiative properties of these media can be accurately characterized, at any spatial scale, by a statistical cumulated extinction distribution function, absorption and scattering cumulated probabilities and a general scattering phase function. When the homogenized medium associated with a porous medium follows the Beer's laws, extinction, absorption and scattering coefficients can be identified from these statistical functions. In all other cases, a Generalized Radiative Transfer Equation (GRTE), directly expressed from these statistical functions, is associated with the porous medium. When the medium is optically thick at a spatial scale such as it can be considered isothermal, the radiative transfer can be modeled from a radiative Fourier law; the radiative conductivity is then directly determined by a perturbation technique of the GRTE or RTE. Three strategies for calculating radiation transfer in porous media, based on the GRTE, on the RTE or simply on diffusion, are then discussed. Paths for future research are finally given.

The Finite Element Method for Microchannel Flow and Heat Transfer

Professor P. Nithiarasu
Civil and Computational Engineering Centre
Swansea University

Professor P. Nithiarasu (PN) is a personal chair and EPSRC advanced fellow at Civil and Computational Engineering centre (C2EC), School of Engineering, Swansea University. PN obtained his undergraduate, postgraduate and PhD degrees from India before moving to Swansea University in 1996 as a research fellow to work with Professor O.C. Zienkiewicz. PN became a lecturer at Swansea University in 2000, senior lecturer in 2004, reader in 2006 and full professor in 2008. He was awarded a DSc by Swansea University in 2007. PN’s research interests include computational fluid dynamics, heat transfer and biomedical modelling. PN is one of the two editors of newly transformed journal "International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering" published by Wiley. PN is a winner of Zienkiewicicz silver medal (ICE, 2002) and ECCOMAS award (2004). PN has published more than 150 research articles and co-authored two text books in the areas of computational heat transfer, fluid dynamics and biomedical engineering. PN co-chairs three international conferences and one of them is in the area of computational thermal problems (www.thermacomp.com).

Space Experiment of Marangoni Convection on International Space Station

Hiroshi Kawamura
Suwa Tokyo University of Science
Tokyo, Japan


Hiroshi Kawamura graduated from graduate school of the University of Tokyo Ph.D. in 1970. Since 1970: Scientist at Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Since 1988: Professor of Tokyo University of Science Since 2008: Professor of Suwa Tokyo University of Science 1983-2008 Principal scientist of Marangoni convection experiment on the International Space Station.

The Japanese Experimental Module "Kibo" on the International Space Station ISS has been constructed and is now devoted to various space experiments. The authors are conducting a series of experiment on the Marangoni convection in a liquid bridge on ISS since August 2008. A liquid bridge with a diameter of 30 mm and the maximum length of 60mm was formed in a microgravity. Temperature difference was imposed between both end plates and Marangoni convection was induced. Critical condition for the transition from steady to oscillatory flow was measured. Three dimentional velocity profile was obtained using the PTV. Traveling surface temperature wave was visualized by an IR camera. Procedure of performing the space experiment and major results will be presented in the talk.

Macroscale and Microscale Phenomena Encountered In Multiphase Energy Storage and Transport System

Masahiro Kawaji
Department of Mechanical Engineering, City College of New York
Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto

Complex macroscale and microscale heat and mass transfer phenomena encountered in several thermal energy storage and transport systems are discussed. Thermal storage and transport systems involving ice slurries and nanoemulsions of phase change materials can be used for either cooling or heating applications or both, which can contribute to the reduced usage of electricity during peak hours. But heat and mass transfer and stability issues are encountered in the production, transport and storage of the heat storage media. Both the heat transfer enhancement effect and detrimental effects such as Ostwald ripening and supercooling will be discussed. Another interesting microscale phenomenon recently encountered in energy transport devices such as heat pipes is the enhancement of heat transport with the use of self-rewetting fluids. Critical heat fluxes in boiling can be enhanced by up to 300% and this helps prevent liquid dryout at high heat fluxes in different types of heat pipes. Both the nature of the enhancement effect and possible mechanisms will be discussed.

Heat and Mass Transfer with Phase Change and Chemical Reactions in Microscale

Vladimir V. Kuznetsov is the Head of Department of Thermophysics of Multiphase Systems at the Kutateladze Institute of Thermophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and Professor of Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation. He received the M.Sc. degree (in physics) in 1972 from the Novosibirsk State University, Ph.D degree in 1978 from the Kutateladze Itstitute of Thermophysics and the degree of Doctor of Science in Physics and Mathematics in 1995 from the same institute. His research interests are the characterization of multiphase phenomena and heat transfer with phase change in micro and nanoscale structures, multispecies transport and heat transfer in microchannels with catalytic chemical reactions, transport phenomena and wave propagation in multiphase systems including high rate phase change. He has published over 200 journal and conference papers. He is Deputy Editor-in-Chief of Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, member of National committee on Heat and Mass Transfer Russian Academy of Sciences.

Inverse Heat Transfer Problems: New Trends on Solution Methodologies and Applications

H.R.B. Orlande
Federal University of Rio de Janiero
Rio de Janiero, Brazil

Professor Orlande has authored and co-authored over 170 international technical publications in diverse fields involving computational and analytical heat transfer, fluid mechanics, inverse problems, optimization, control and thermal tomography. He is member of scientific council of the International Centre for Heat and Mass Transfer (International Centre for Heat and Mass Transfer) and also of the international Scientific Committee do International Symposium on Convective Heat and Mass Transfer in Sustainable Energy. He is currently an Associate Editor of the international journal on Inverse Problems in Science and Engineering, journal on heat transfer engineering and Journal on high temperatures high pressures. Nowadays, He works at the department of mechanical engineering of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro.

Interfacial Thermal Fluid Phenomena in Thin Liquid Films

Professor Oleg A. Kabov graduated from the Tomsk Polytechnic State University, Russia, in 1978 and received the Ph.D. degree in the technical sciences from the Institute of Thermophysics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (IT) in 1987. In 1999 he received the degree of Doctor of Sciences in Physics and Mathematics (habilitation) from the same institute. Since 1987, he has been the Head of Laboratory of Enhancement of Heat Transfer in IT (Novosibirsk). His current research interests include the areas of shear-driven and falling liquid films, cooling systems of microelectronics, physics of two-phase flows in microgravity, as well as convective and vapour space condensation. Since 1997 he has also been involved in an intensive collaboration with a Research Staff of the Universite Libre de Bruxelles and has been managing the "Two-Phase System Group" of the Microgravity Research Center of ULB. He is involved as a coordinator in the preparation of several experiments performed under microgravity conditions (Parabolic Flights, Sounding Rockets, International Space Station). He has authored and coauthored more than 180 papers in referred journals and conference proceedings and has delivered more than 50 keynotes, plenary, and invited lectures at technical conferences and institutions. Since 1994 he is serving as regional editor of the Journal of Enhanced Heat Transfer and since 2009 he is a member of editorial board of the Journal of Microgravity Science and Technology. Since 2005 he is also co-director of the Heat Transfer International Research Institute of ULB and IT RAS. In 2007 he has been granted the diploma of Professor on thermal physics and thermal fluids science of Russian Academy of Sciences. Since 2009 he is involved in close cooperation with Center of Smart Interfaces of Technische Universität Darmstadt as a Fellow.

Thermosolutal Natural Convection in Partial Porous Domains

Dr. Dominique Gobin, born in 1951, is a research director at CNRS (France). He got a degree in Electrical engineering (Supelec – 1974) and a PhD in Mechanical engineering (Paris – 1984). He is a staff scientist at FAST Laboratory (Orsay) in the Heat Transfer Group. His research activity deals with coupled heat and mass transfer in processes involving natural convection in fluid and/or porous media and solid-liquid phase change. His main field of interest concerns the interaction of convective transfer and instabilities in a fluid phase with the dynamics of a phase change interface. His present activity focuses on solidification of binary mixtures, numerical simulation of double diffusive convection in composite fluid-porous domains and the modelling of spreading and solidification of droplets impacting cold substrates. D. Gobin is teaching fundamentals of heat transfer at Ecole Centrale de Paris and has supervised 20 PhD students. He is the editor-in-chielf of the “International Journal of Thermal Sciences”. In 2007 and 2008 he has been the scientific director of IRSN (French Institute for Radioprotection and Nuclear Safety). He is presently vice-director of USAR, a support unit of the French National Agency for Research.

Abstract
In many industrial processes or natural phenomena coupled heat and mass transfer and fluid flow take place in configurations combining a clear fluid and a porous medium. The modelling of such systems has been a controversial issue, essentially due to the description of the interface between the fluid and the porous domains. The validity of the so-called one-domain approach - more intuitive and numerically simpler to implement - compared to a two-domain description where the interface is explicitly accounted for, is now clearly assessed. This paper reports recent developments, concerning the numerical simulation of such flows as well as the stability studies. The continuity of the conservation equations between a fluid and a porous medium are examined and the conditions for a correct handling of the discontinuity of the macroscopic properties are analyzed. A particular class of problems dealing with thermal and double diffusive natural convection mechanisms in partially porous enclosures is presented, and it is shown that this configuration exhibits specific features in terms of the heat and mass transfer characteristics, depending on the properties of the porous domain.

Heat Transfer Design in Adsorption Refrigeration Systems for Efficient Use of Low Grade Thermal Energy

WANG Ruzhu (R. Z. Wang), graduated from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1984 and 1987 for his bachelor and master degrees, he got PhD from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1990 in the field of Refrigeration and Cryogenics (he was a sandwich PhD student between SJTU and Free University Berlin during April 1988 to March 1990), he was promoted as associate professor in 1992, and professor in 1994. He had been appointed as the director of Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University since 1993. Prof. Wang has published about 300 journal papers, about 180 of them are in international journals. He has written 5 Books regarding Refrigeration Technologies. His major contributions are adsorption refrigeration, heat transfer to superfluid helium, heat pumps, CCHPs and solar energy systems. He was elected as CheungKong Chaired Professor in 2000 by the Ministry of Education (MOE) of China. Currently He is the president of Shanghai Society of Refrigeration, the vice chairman of Chinese Society of Heat Transfer. Prof. Wang was elected as one of the top one hundred outstanding professors in China Universities by MOE China in 2007. He was awarded as model teacher of China in 2009.

He is the associate editor of Energy-the international journal, Solar Energy, and Chinese Journal of Solar Energy (Acta Solaries Sinica), Chinese Journal of Refrigeration. He is also the editorial board member of International Journal of Refrigeration, Applied Thermal Engineering, Energy Conversion and Management, Chinese Science Bulletin, Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, Chinese Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University.

In the last ten years, he was invited to give plenary or keynote lectures in international conferences for 8 times, such as 3 plenary lectures for International Sorption Heat Pump Conference (2002-Shanghai,China; 2005-Denver,USA; 2008-Seoul, Korea), 1 plenary lecture for 7th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (May 28-32, Trondheim, Norway), 2 keynote lectures for International Seminar of Heat Pipes, Heat Pumps and Refrigerators (Minsk 2001,2005) , 1 keynote lecture for International Conference on Multiphase Flow (2004,Japan), 1 keynote lecture for AICARR’2008 (the annual conference of Italy Association of Refrigeration) (2008, Vicenza, Italy).

Phononics: A New Science and Technology of Controlling Heat Flow and Processing Information by Phonons

Prof. Baowen Li received his B.Sci (1985) in Physics from Nanjing University, M.Sci (1989) from Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, and Dr.rer.nat (1992) from Universitat of Oldenburg. He joined NUS in 2000 as an assistant professor, and promoted to associate professor in 2003 and full professor in 2007. He is currently Executive Director of NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, and Director of Centre for Computational Science and Engineering. His research interests include but not limited to heat conduction in low dimensional systems, complex networks and systems biology, non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, waves propagation and scattering in random/turbulent media etc. He is one of the founding fathers of the new field Phononics – a new science and technology in processing information and controlling heat flow by phonons.

He is leading a team of more than 30 members consists of theoretical, computational and experimental physicists, material scientists, and engineers to study how to improve the thermoelectric efficiency of different nanostructures and how to design workable phononic devices such as thermal diode, thermal transistor, thermal logic gates and thermal memories.

Use of Analytical Expressions of Convection in Conjugated Heat Transfer Problems

Reijo Karvinen has studied at TUT ( Tampere University of Technology) where he passed M.Sc.1972 and Ph.D. 1976. He has served as an assistant, chief assistant and laboratory engineer at TUT 1971- 1978. After an appointment to the associate professorship 1979 he was also an acting professor at TUT and Helsinki University of Technology 1982-1986. Since 1986 he has held the professorship in Heat Transfer and Fluid Dynamics at TUT. He has taking part in many administrative duties at TUT: the head of the laboratory and head or vice-head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, the member of different planning and steering groups, the leader of the doctoral graduation ceremony 2007 and so on. He has also been the member in the board of many national research programmes and the coordinator or vice-chairman of European COST programme. Naturally, the reviewing of papers in many journals or conferences have been among the duties. He has also been the referee in the selection of many professors in Finland and abroad and the referee of app. 20 Ph.D. theses in Finland, Sweden, Norway, Canada and Estonia. Finally, the membership in the board of the association of Finnish university professors 1984-1990 and acting as chairman of the Council 1993-1997 is worth mentioning. The most important results in research are in the fields of equipment development for pulp and paper industry, boilers, cooling of electronic equipment and glass processing.

Abstract
The heat transfer coefficient of convection from the wall to the flow depends on flow type, on surface temperature distribution in a stream-wise direction, and in transient cases also on time. In so-called conjugated problems, the surface temperature distribution of the wall and flow are coupled together. Thus, the simultaneous solution of convection between the flow and wall, and conduction in the wall is required because heat transfer coefficients are not known. For external and internal flows very accurate approximate analytical expressions have been derived for heat transfer in different kinds of boundary conditions which change in flow direction. Due to the linearity of the energy equation the superposition principle can be adopted to couple with these expressions the surface temperature and heat flux distributions in conjugated problems. In the paper this type of approach is adopted and applied to a number of industrial applications ranging from flat plates of electroluminecence displays to the optimization of heat transfer in fins, fin arrays and mobile phones.

Steam Jet Condensation in a Pool: From Fundamental Understanding to Engineering Scale Analysis

Dr. Chul-Hwa SONG
General Project Manager (Director)
Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI)
Korea

General Project Manager (Director), KAERI
Working for KAERI since 1985
In Charge of the APR+ Project as Project Manager at KAERI (2007~)
Professor, Univ. Sci. & Technol. (UST), Korea (Mar. ’08~)
In Charge of the Major ‘Advanced Nuclear System Engineering’
Visiting Researcher, CEA-Grenoble Nuclear Research Center, France (Aug. 1987~Feb. 1989

• Some R&D Careers Relevant to ALWR Developments at KAERI:
  General Project Manager, In Charge of the APR+ Core Technology Development (‘07~)
  Project Manager, In Charge of APR1400 New Safety Concepts Development & Performance Verification (‘99~’06)
  Principal Investigator, In Charge of SMART Experiments (‘97~’99)
• Awards
  Best Paper Award, KNS, Korea (2002, 2004)
  Technical Achievement Award, KNS, Korea (2004)
  Prime Minister Award, Korean Government (2005)
  Best Lecturer Award, Univ. Sci. & Technol. (UST), Korea (2009)
• Major Academic Activities
  ~ 50 SCI Papers and 1 Book (Co-authored) since 2000
  Professional Comm. Member, National Science & Technology Commission (NSTC), Korea (Feb. ‘10 ~)
  Board Member (Publication Secretary) & Council Member, KNS, Korea (Sept. ’09~)
  Chair, Professional Comm. on T-H Experiments, KNS (’07~)
  Editor, Nuclear Engineering & Technology (NET), Korea (Sept. ‘08~)
  Fellow, ABI (2008~), USA
  Member, Session Organizer, Track Organizer, or Co-Chair of TPC, Organizing Comm., or Scientific Comm. in Int’l Mtg. (e.g., NURETH, NUTHOS, ICAPP, NTHAS, WORTH, etc.)
  Invited Lectures or Speeches in Domestic & Int’l Academic Events (e.g., ICONE, NURETH, NTHAS, WORTH, etc.)

Influence of Force Fields and Flow Patterns on BBoiling Heat Transfer Performance

Paolo DiMarco is Professor of Engineering Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer at Department of Energetics, University of Pisa. He received his PhD in Nuclear Engineering in 1989 at the University of Pisa. His research interests include Single-Phase and Boiling Heat Transfer, Bubble Dynamics, Heat Transfer in Microgravity, Effect of Electric Fields on Heat Transfer, Instability in Boiling Loops, Two-Phase Flow Measurements, Clean Energy Systems (wind and biomass).

His main field of activity is the study of the effect of force fields on boiling heat transfer and bubble dynamics, conducted across the past twelve years through many experimental campaigns in microgravity conditions, ranging from parabolic flights, sounding rocket and droptower experiments, and to a Foton satellite flight.

He is member of several international associations, and currently Secretary of Eurotherm Committee and of the Steering Committee of the Italian Union of Thermo-Fluid-Dynamics (UIT).

Recent Advances in Turbine Heat Transfer - A View of Transition to Coal-Gas Based Systems

Dr. Minking K. Chyu is presently the Leighton and Mary Orr Chair Professor and Chairman of the Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Department at the University of Pittsburgh. He received his Ph.D. degree from the University of Minnesota in 1986. He was a faculty member at Carnegie Mellon University for 14 years before joining the University of Pittsburgh in 2000, as an endowed chair professor and chairman in mechanical engineering. His primary research area lies in thermal and energy issues relating to power and propulsion systems. He has been Air Force Summer Research Fellow, Department of Energy Oak Ridge Research Fellow, and DOE Advanced-Turbine-System Faculty Fellow. He was named the 2002 Engineer of The Year by the ASME Pittsburgh Chapter. He is Fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) and Associate Fellow of American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA). He serves on the Scientific Council of the International Centre of Heat and Mass Transfer (ICHMT). Since 2007, he has been a Resident Fellow of Institute of Advanced Energy Sciences (IAES), National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), the Department of Energy, and as the group leader in Energy Conversion Devices. He is an associate editor of Journal of Heat Transfer and on the advisory board of International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems. He has published nearly two hundred and fifty technical papers in archive journals and conference proceedings.

Use of CFD in the Analysis of Heat Transfer Related Problems that Arise in Building Energy Studies

Patrick Oosthuizen was born and educated in South Africa. He received his B.Sc., M.Sc., and Ph.D. degrees in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Cape Town and an M.A.Sc. degree in Aerospace Engineering from the University of Toronto. After teaching for several years at the University of Cape Town Dr. Oosthuizen joined the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Queen’s University. His primary research interests are in the areas of Convective Heat Transfer and Energy Systems. He has undertaken many studies concerned with fundamental aspects of natural and combined convection. He has also undertaken research in the design of solar crop dryers for use in developing countries, the design of building solar energy systems, the prediction of heat transfer through window systems, the prediction of thermal comfort in atrium buildings, and the design and application of fuel cell and reformer systems. He has received several awards for his research, teaching and service including the Jules Stachiewicz Medal for outstanding contributions to research in heat transfer in Canada, the CANCAM Award in recognition of outstanding achievements and technical excellence in thermofluids engineering, the Queen’s University Alumni Association Award for Excellence in Teaching, the Queen’s University Distinguished Service Award, and several Best-Paper awards. He has also been made a of Fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and of the Engineering Institute of Canada. Professor Oosthuizen has published more than 600 technical papers and has published textbooks on Compressible Fluid Flow and on Convective Heat Transfer Analysis.

The Role of Entropy Generation in Momentum and Heat Transfer

• Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
• Journal of Heat Transfer
• Heat and Mass Transfer
• Int. J. Heat and Fluid Flow
• Int. J. of Thermal Sciences
• Journal Fluid Mechanics
• Physics of Fluids
• Experiments in Fluids
• Int. J. Computational Fluid Dynamics
• Physics of Fluids